Re: Strange hybrids

David Campbell (bivalve@mailserv0.isis.unc.edu)
Tue, 29 Jun 1999 13:48:39 -0400

>Usually it is assumed that the only wild plants that are likely to cross
>only with close relatives. The article sites that of 30 agriculturally
>important plants, 25 were found to break the species barrier. Specifically
>there was a rare cross between wheat and goatgrass. The amazing point is
>that wheat carries 42 chromosomes, while goatgrass only 28 ! Indeed there
>is a low rate of viability of the hybrid seeds, but not zero !

Wheat is already a hexaploid hybrid. It has a particular gene that causes
it to sort out chromosomes effectively. Deletion of this gene makes
chromosome sorting a mess, leading to infertility. Thus, it is probably
partuclarly good at further hybridizing.

>Regarding issue (2) I recall that Darwin seemed to lean on hybridization as
>a most important method by which to generate the variations that natural
>selection acted on. The more modern thought usually relies on gradual
>accumulation of small (or medium/large - Punc Eq) mutations. Perhaps
>naturally occurring hybridization is an important mechanism. Creationists
>(YEC or PC) rely strongly on the species (or genus) barrier to distinguish
>"micro" and "macro" evolution. This kind of cross makes the
>Neanderthal/Sapiens cross look small.

In plants, formation of new species and genera by hybridization is rampant.
It is harder to do in animals, because plants can reproduce asexually but
many animals cannot. However, in some animals (notably certain lizards) a
hybrid can reproduce parthenogenetically.

David C.